feat(FOC): 优化SVPWM算法并重构角度控制逻辑

- 引入新的三值约束宏 `_constrain3` 用于SVPWM计算优化
- 修改 `setPhaseVoltage` 函数签名,移除冗余的角度参数,内部自动计算电气角度
- 调整PWM占空比计算方式,提高电压利用率和控制精度
- 移除旧的DEG2RAD和RAD2DEG常量定义,改由initial.h统一管理
- 在initial.h中新增减速比常量REDUCTION_RATIO,并修正拼写错误
- 为角度传感器类更新速度滤波器尺寸,提升速度估算稳定性
- 更新PID控制器时间片常量,简化dt计算逻辑,提高执行效率
- 切换角度闭环控制至新NPID版本,增强系统响应性能
- 修正CAN通信中的目标角度解析逻辑,确保指令正确应用
This commit is contained in:
cbb
2025-11-08 02:15:14 +08:00
parent 971374d8ec
commit 99cc397931
8 changed files with 70 additions and 53 deletions
+47 -28
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@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@
#include "adc.h"
#include "ang_sensor.h"
#include "gd32c10x_dbg.h"
#include "initial.h"
#include "pid.h"
#include "systick.h"
#include <cmath>
@@ -13,8 +14,6 @@
#include <stdint.h>
constexpr double PI = 3.1415926535897932384626433832795f;
constexpr float DEG2RAD = 1.0f / 360.0f * 6.28318530718f;
constexpr float RAD2DEG = 360.0f / 6.28318530718f;
constexpr float ANGLE_FACTOR = 25.0f / 360.0f * 2.0f * 3.14159265358979323846f;
constexpr float _1_SQRT3 = 0.57735026919f;
constexpr float _2_SQRT3 = 1.15470053838f;
@@ -34,6 +33,11 @@ CurrentKalman curW_kalman(0.0f, 0.0026f, 4.8f, 0.0001f, 1e-6f, 0.02f);
// 初始变量及函数定义
#define _constrain(amt, low, high) \
((amt) < (low) ? (low) : ((amt) > (high) ? (high) : (amt)))
// 三值约束比较函数,用于SVPWM算法
#define _constrain3(a, b, c) \
((a) < (b) ? ((a) < (c) ? (a) : (c)) : ((b) < (c) ? (b) : (c)))
#define constrain(value, min, max, target_min, target_max) \
((value - min) / (max - min) * (target_max - target_min))
@@ -59,14 +63,15 @@ inline float _electricalAngle() {
FOC_Controlroller::FOC_Controlroller() { ; }
/**
* @brief 设置电机输出
* @brief 设置电机输出,使用优化的SVPWM算法
*
* @param Uq: q轴电压
* @param Ud: d轴电压
* @param angle_el: 电机轴角度
*/
inline void FOC_Controlroller::setPhaseVoltage(float Uq, float Ud,
float angle_el) {
inline void FOC_Controlroller::setPhaseVoltage(float Uq, float Ud) {
// 计算电气角度
float angle_el = _normalizeAngle(shaft_angle * PP + zero_electric_angle);
// 帕克逆变换 (直接计算,避免函数调用开销)
const float sin_el = sin(angle_el);
const float cos_el = cos(angle_el);
@@ -79,15 +84,17 @@ inline void FOC_Controlroller::setPhaseVoltage(float Uq, float Ud,
Uc = (-Ualpha - sqrt3 * Ubeta) * 0.5f + v_half;
// 计算占空比
Ua = constrain(Ua, 0.0f, voltage_power_supply, 0.0f, limit_voltage);
Ub = constrain(Ub, 0.0f, voltage_power_supply, 0.0f, limit_voltage);
Uc = constrain(Uc, 0.0f, voltage_power_supply, 0.0f, limit_voltage);
float dc_a = _constrain(Ua / voltage_power_supply, 0.0f, 1.0f);
float dc_b = _constrain(Ub / voltage_power_supply, 0.0f, 1.0f);
float dc_c = _constrain(Uc / voltage_power_supply, 0.0f, 1.0f);
// 设置PWM输出
dc_a = dc_a * limit_voltage / voltage_power_supply;
dc_b = dc_b * limit_voltage / voltage_power_supply;
dc_c = dc_c * limit_voltage / voltage_power_supply;
Set_3Pwm(dc_a, dc_b, dc_c);
// std::printf("PWM:%f,%f,%f\n", dc_a, dc_b, dc_c);
}
/**
* @brief 电机关机
*
@@ -128,13 +135,10 @@ float FOC_Controlroller::velocity_open_loop() {
shaft_angle =
_normalizeAngle(shaft_angle + target_velocity * ANGLE_FACTOR * 1e-4f);
// 直接计算电气角度,避免函数调用开销
float angle_el = _normalizeAngle(shaft_angle * PP + zero_electric_angle);
// 因为在开环控制中,Ud始终为0,只控制Uq
const float Uq = voltage_power_supply / 2.0f;
setPhaseVoltage(Uq, 0.0f, angle_el);
setPhaseVoltage(Uq, 0.0f);
return limit_voltage;
}
@@ -157,19 +161,35 @@ float FOC_Controlroller::velocity_open_loop() {
* @brief 角度闭环控制
*
* @param target_angle: 目标角度
* @return float: q轴电压
* @return float: 当前角度
*/
float FOC_Controlroller::angle_control(float target_angle) {
shaft_angle = KTH7823.getRawAngle() * DEG2RAD;
static float Kp = 2.0f;
float Uq =
1.0f - _constrain(Kp * (target_angle - DIR * shaft_angle) * RAD2DEG,
-voltage_power_supply, voltage_power_supply);
static float Ud = 0.0f;
// 直接计算电气角度,避免函数调用开销
float angle_el = _normalizeAngle(shaft_angle * PP + zero_electric_angle);
// PID 控制计算
float Uq = angle_loop(shaft_angle - target_angle * ANGLE_FACTOR);
CAN0_transmiter.testfloat_union.f =
angle_loop(target_angle * ANGLE_FACTOR - shaft_angle);
// 设置相电压
setPhaseVoltage(Uq, 0.0f, angle_el);
setPhaseVoltage(Uq, 0.0f);
return shaft_angle;
}
/**
* @brief 角度闭环控制
*
* @param target_angle: 目标角度
* @return float: 当前角度
*/
float FOC_Controlroller::angle_control_NPID(float target_angle) {
shaft_angle = KTH7823.getRawAngle() * DEG2RAD;
float Kp = 20.0f;
// 控制力矩计算
float Uq =
1.0f -
_constrain(Kp * (target_angle * ANGLE_FACTOR - DIR * shaft_angle),
-voltage_power_supply, voltage_power_supply);
// 设置相电压
setPhaseVoltage(Uq, 0.0f);
return shaft_angle;
}
@@ -177,16 +197,15 @@ float FOC_Controlroller::angle_control(float target_angle) {
* @brief 速度闭环控制
*
* @param target_velocity: 目标速度
* @return float: q轴电压
* @return float: 当前速度
*/
float FOC_Controlroller::velocity_control(float target_velocity) {
// PID 控制计算
float Uq = v_half - vel_loop(target_velocity - rt_velocity);
shaft_angle = KTH7823.getRawAngle() * DEG2RAD;
// 直接计算电气角度,避免函数调用开销
float angle_el = _normalizeAngle(shaft_angle * PP + zero_electric_angle);
// PID 控制计算
float Uq = vel_loop(rt_velocity - target_velocity);
CAN0_transmiter.testfloat_union.f = Uq;
// 设置相电压
setPhaseVoltage(Uq, 0.0f, angle_el);
setPhaseVoltage(Uq, 0.0f);
return rt_velocity;
}
+4 -3
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@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@ class FOC_Controlroller {
float velocity_open_loop();
float angle_control(float target_angle);
float velocity_control(float target_velocity);
float angle_control_NPID(float target_angle);
void update_power(void);
void DFOC_alignSensor(int _PP);
@@ -38,10 +39,10 @@ class FOC_Controlroller {
float v_half = voltage_power_supply * 0.5f; // 电源电压的一半
PIDController vel_loop =
PIDController{0.8f, 3.0f, 0, 100000, voltage_power_supply};
PIDController angle_loop = PIDController{2, 0, 0, 100000, 100};
PIDController{1.5f, 1.0f, 0.0005, 100000, voltage_power_supply};
PIDController angle_loop = PIDController{140.0f, 80.0f, 0.005f, 100000, voltage_power_supply};
void setPhaseVoltage(float Uq, float Ud, float angle_el);
void setPhaseVoltage(float Uq, float Ud);
};
float _normalizeAngle(float angle);
+8 -15
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@@ -5,48 +5,41 @@
#include "Can.h"
extern CAN_transmiter CAN0_transmiter;
constexpr float TIME_SLICE = 1e-4;
PIDController::PIDController(float P, float I, float D, float ramp, float limit)
: P(P), I(I), D(D), output_ramp(ramp) // PID控制器加速度限幅
,
limit(limit) // PID控制器输出限幅
,
error_prev(0.0f), output_prev(0.0f), integral_prev(0.0f) {
timestamp_prev = get_system_runtime_us();
}
error_prev(0.0f), output_prev(0.0f), integral_prev(0.0f) {}
// PID 控制器函数
float PIDController::operator()(float error) {
// 计算两次循环中间的间隔时间
unsigned long timestamp_now = get_system_runtime_us();
float Ts = (timestamp_now - timestamp_prev) * 1e-6f;
if (Ts <= 0 || Ts > 0.5f)
Ts = 1e-3f;
// P环
float proportional = P * error;
// Tustin 散点积分(I环)
float integral = integral_prev + I * Ts * 0.5f * (error + error_prev);
float integral =
integral_prev + I * TIME_SLICE * 0.5f * (error + error_prev);
integral = _constrain(integral, -limit, limit);
// D环(微分环节)
float derivative = D * (error - error_prev) / Ts;
float derivative = D * (error - error_prev) / TIME_SLICE;
// 将P,I,D三环的计算值加起来
float output = proportional + integral + derivative;
output = _constrain(output, -limit, limit);
if (output_ramp > 0) {
// 对PID的变化速率进行限制
float output_rate = (output - output_prev) / Ts;
float output_rate = (output - output_prev) / TIME_SLICE;
if (output_rate > output_ramp)
output = output_prev + output_ramp * Ts;
output = output_prev + output_ramp * TIME_SLICE;
else if (output_rate < -output_ramp)
output = output_prev - output_ramp * Ts;
output = output_prev - output_ramp * TIME_SLICE;
}
// 保存值(为了下一次循环)
integral_prev = integral;
output_prev = output;
error_prev = error;
timestamp_prev = timestamp_now;
return output;
}
+1 -1
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@@ -678,7 +678,7 @@ void CAN_transmiter::communication_check() {
}
target_angle_union.f =
unpack_bytes_to_float(receive_message.rx_data, 7).f;
FOC.target_angle = target_angle_union.f * ANGLE_FACTOR;
FOC.target_angle = target_angle_union.f;
target_velocity_union.f =
unpack_bytes_to_float(receive_message.rx_data, 11).f;
+2 -2
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@@ -167,7 +167,7 @@ void TIMER2_IRQHandler(void) {
// 增加总计数器 (使用更高效的位运算代替取模运算)
total_us100_counter++;
system_runtime_us += 100;
// system_runtime_us += 100;
// 每100us执行一次的操作
sampler.update_current(); // 更新电流采样值
@@ -175,7 +175,7 @@ void TIMER2_IRQHandler(void) {
FOC.rt_velocity = Vel_kalman.update(KTH7823.getVelocity());
if (FOC.control_mode == 1) {
FOC.angle_control(FOC.target_angle); // 角度闭环控制
FOC.angle_control_NPID(FOC.target_angle); // 角度闭环控制
} else if (FOC.control_mode == 2) {
FOC.velocity_control(FOC.target_velocity);// 速度闭环控制
} else if (FOC.control_mode == 4) {
+3 -3
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@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@
#include <cstdio>
#include <cstring>
#include <stdint.h>
#include "initial.h"
#define SPI_CS_ENABLE() gpio_bit_reset(GPIOA, GPIO_PIN_15)
#define SPI_CS_DISABLE() gpio_bit_set(GPIOA, GPIO_PIN_15)
@@ -13,7 +14,6 @@ constexpr float ANGLE_FACTOR = 1.0f / 65536.0f * 360.0f;
constexpr float RAD_FACTOR = 1.0f / 65536.0f * 2.0f * 3.14159265358979323846f;
constexpr u16 DEFAULT_COMMAND = 0x0000;
constexpr u16 FAULT_RECEIVE = 0xFFFF;
constexpr u16 REDDUCTION_RATIO = 25;
constexpr float VELOCITY_SCALE = 1e4f;
constexpr float ANGLE_WRAP_THRESHOLD = 270.0f;
constexpr float ANGLE_WRAP_VALUE = 360.0f;
@@ -259,7 +259,7 @@ float angle_sensor::update(void) {
* @return 累积角度值
*/
float angle_sensor::getAngle(void) const {
return m_cumulativeAngle / REDDUCTION_RATIO;
return m_cumulativeAngle / REDUCTION_RATIO;
}
/**
@@ -273,7 +273,7 @@ float angle_sensor::getRawAngle(void) const { return m_cumulativeAngle; }
* @return 速度值(输出级)
*/
float angle_sensor::getVelocity(void) const {
return getRawVelocity() / REDDUCTION_RATIO;
return getRawVelocity() / REDUCTION_RATIO;
}
/**
+1 -1
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@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ u16 spi_rw_half_word(u32 spi_periph, const u16 i_HalfWord);
int spi_rw_half_word_dma(uint32_t spi_periph, uint16_t tx_data,
uint16_t *rx_data);
constexpr u16 VEL_FILTER_SIZE = 3;
constexpr u16 VEL_FILTER_SIZE = 4;
class angle_sensor {
public:
+4
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@@ -8,6 +8,10 @@ extern "C" {
#include <stdio.h>
#include "gd32c10x_eval.h"
constexpr u16 REDUCTION_RATIO = 25;
constexpr float DEG2RAD = 1.0f / 360.0f * 6.28318530718f;
constexpr float RAD2DEG = 360.0f / 6.28318530718f;
void rcu_config(void);
static volatile uint32_t timer_delay_count = 0; // volatile 很重要!
int fputc(int ch, FILE *f); // 声明fputc函数以重载标准库实现